![]() The signature of a neutral current event was an isolated vertex from which only hadrons were produced. The discovery involved the search from two types of events: one involving the interaction of a neutrino with an electron in the liquid in the other the neutrino scattered from a hadron (proton or neutron). This particle, called the Z boson, and the associated weak neutral currents, were predicted by electroweak theory, according to which the weak force and the electromagnetic force are different versions of the same force. In July 1973, in a seminar at CERN, the Gargamelle collaboration presented the first direct evidence of the weak neutral current - a process predicted in the mid-1960s independently by Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg - that required the existence of a neutral particle to carry the weak fundamental force. Combining the neutrino results with those from experiments using an electron beam at SLAC in the US showed that the quarks must have charges that are 1/ 3 or 2/ 3 the charge of the proton, just as predicted. Using freon instead of the more typical liquid hydrogen increased the probability of seeing neutrino interactions.Įarly results from Gargamelle, in the period 1972-4, provided crucial evidence for the existence of quarks, the fundamental constituents of particles such as protons and neutrons. The freon in the Gargamelle detector revealed any charged particles set in motion by the neutrinos and so revealed the interactions indirectly. It weighed 1000 tonnes and held nearly 12 cubic metres of heavy-liquid freon (CF3Br).Īs neutrinos have no charge, they do not leave tracks in detectors. Gargamelle was 4.8 metres long and 2 metres in diameter. It operated from 1970 to 1976 with a muon-neutrino beam produced by the CERN Proton Synchrotron, before moving to the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) until 1979. In the two films in which he appears, he uses the dragon's wand, a powerful wand, to generate rays of energy or tentacles to seize his opponents, or even change the appearance of other living beings this transformation, however, is temporary.Gargamelle was a bubble chamber at CERN designed to detect neutrinos. However, his determination, deceit and the artifacts he uses to produce magical effects make him a dangerous enemy. Gargamel has no magical powers in himself. They get into a fight and he is then attacked by Azrael with his claws. Back being poor and live in poverty since they have returned. Smurfette shoots Gargamel away with Azrael and they fly across Paris, then Gargamel shoots a portal into the water he and Azrael end up back in their castle, but after a painful fall. When Papa Smurf and the three other Smurfs come to rescue Smurfette, Patrick and Victor arrive and destroy Gargamel's machine and unleash all of the Smurf magic, which carries everyone out of the castle. When she does, he puts his naughties and Smurfette in his Smurf extracting machine to take their essence and use it to control over the world. When Smurfette refuses to tell him the formula, Gargamel and his naughties plot to be nice for her to become one of them to persuade her to tell them the formula. He captures Smurfette to get the formula that Papa used to turn her into a real Smurf so he can turn his Naughties into real Smurfs and use their essence to become more powerful and rule the world. Gargamel uses the last of his magic to become a famous celebrity magician in Paris and has two new creations called the Naughties to help him capture the Smurfs. He then breaks the fourth wall and tells the audience what they're looking at before zapping the screen. In a mid-credits scene, Gargamel is still shown to have survived, cradling Azrael. Gargamel was defeated and his powers were gone and he was stuck in New York City powerless and while the Smurfs went back to Smurf Village with victory and no Gargamel to bother him. When he gets a dragon wand, he captures Papa Smurf and takes him to his castle in Central Park where he uses his essence to power up his dragon wand and use it against his Smurf family and their human friends Patrick and Grace. There, he teams up with his cat Azrael, and his short-lived henchwoman Odile Angelou. When he chases the Smurfs away from their village they end up in New York City, while Gargamel pursued them. In this movie, Gargamel plots to use the Smurfs essence to become the most powerful wizard in the world.
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